Articles of Interest

Most people don’t know the difference between OTC or over-the-counter CFDs and DMA or direct market access CFDs (DMA CFDs), before I start out it is important to ensure that the differences between both types of CFDs are clearly explained as there are important advantages and disadvantages of each type that all traders should be aware of.

Understanding the difference between the two types of CFDs is relatively easily explained. In essence DMA CFD providers allow all of their clients CFD trades to flow into the underlying order book of the stock over which the CFD is based, this allows DMA CFD traders to participate in the market depth a have their orders partially filled in addition to allowing the trader to be a price maker rather than a price taker, OTC CFD providers on the other hand often match orders against another clients order or their own internal liquidity rather than placing the order in the underlying market. OTC CFD providers have the advantage of being able to offer CFDs over indices and forex and are more suited to traders looking to access multiple asset classes, whereas DMA CFD providers are only able to offer CFDs over shares and are better suited to those looking to trade shares on leverage or CFDs on small cap stocks.

Now that you know the difference between the two types of CFDs on offer it is important to understand the trading platforms available. As CFDs are traded online it is important to ensure that you choose the right trading platform that suits your trading style, the most popular DMA CFD trading platform is webiress plus.

Webiress plus is the fastest and most reliable DMA CFD trading platform on the market today. Webiress plus started out its life as a share trading platform and soon after was adapted for CFDs. The platform in web based and uses java, like all java applications it is important to ensure that you have the latest java version installed on your computer in order to experience the rich functionality of the software.

Webiress plus can be quite daunting for beginner first starting out however once you understand the power of the software it is unlikely that you will use anything else. Configuring your initial layout is often the most difficult part however this is relatively simple if you stick to the basics. Some of the essential features of webiress that you should setup to display permanently on your platform workspace are a watch list, your portfolio, an order pad, a market depth window and of course the market map. Having these features open on your workspace are essential when you first start out and will prevent you from making some common and easily avoidable mistakes like not knowing whether an order has been cancelled or not.

Let’s now take a look at the importance of each of these key webiress plus features.

Watch List
Having a watchlist window open is essential when you are trading as is allows you to monitor the CFD positions that you have open in your portfolio and any others that you may be interested in trading. The watchlist list will enable you to monitor prices without the need to have multiple price windows open.

Portfolio
The portfolio window is arguably the most important feature in webiress plus as this allows you to monitor the essentials including your free equity, margin requirements, portfolio value as well as both your realised and unrealised profit and loss. From the portfolio window you will also be able to monitor your open positions and see you average price, market to market value and unrealised profit or loss on each individual position.

Order Pad
Using the order pad window is critical if you are managing multiple orders, the order pad window allows you to track the status of your orders in the market. After placing an order using webiress plus it is essential to check whether the order has successful reached the market, this can be done using the order pad, it is from here that you will also be able to check for partial fills and confirm the status of order cancelations. 

Market Depth
Having access to market depth is essential when trading DMA CFDs as this will allow you to see your orders in the underlying order book of the share over which the CFD is based, not only will you be able to see your orders in the depth but you will also be able to determine where support and resistance levels are by simply looking to see the number of buyers or sellers in the market at each price point.  

Market Map
The market map is one of the unique features of webiress plus, it provides traders with a visual overview of the entire market at a glance. It is common for traders to use the market map feature to help them identify share CFDs who’s prices have either risen or fallen dramatically across the entire market. The market map is also able to display the market capitalisation of stocks meaning traders can quickly filter out stocks in a particular sector which may not meet their trading criteria.

Now that you are familiar with the differences between DMA and OTC CFDs and understand some of the key features of the webiress plus trading platform you are well on your way to trading. Before you start trading DMA CFDs on webiress plus it is important that you practice using the platform, place some orders and set up a trading workspace that suits your trading style. You can get a free webiress plus demo here.

ECN is an acronym for Electronic Communications Network. A Forex ECN broker does not have a dealing desk but instead provides a marketplace where multiple market makers, banks and traders can enter in competing bids and offers and have their trades filled by multiple liquidity providers in an anonymous trading environment. The trades are done in the name of the ECN broker, providing you with complete anonymity. A trader might have their buy order filled by liquidity provider "A", and close the same order against liquidity provider "B", or have their trade matched internally by the bid or offer of another trader. The best bid and offer is displayed to the trader along with the market depth which is the combined volume available at each price level. A large number of market participants providing pricing to the ECN broker leads to tighter spreads. ECN brokers typically charge a commission for matching trades between their clients and liquidity providers.

Using an ECN broker to trade forex offers a number of significant advantages, the most apparent being tight spreads and deep liquidity. Tight spreads means that day traders and scalpers can take advantage of small price movements on an intraday basis. Deep liquidity means that large volumes can be traded without having any effect on price this is especially important in volatile market conditions and offers significant advantages for traders using automated forex trading systems. These two factors combined mean that you will be able to take advantage of more trading opportunities, more opportunity equals more profit potential.

There are a number of ECN brokers available in the marketplace today with the most common ECN being Currenex. Currenex is typically used by institutions and investment banks and out of reach for most retail traders, however in recent times as the demand for tight spreads and transparency has improved significantly many commonly know retail trading platforms such as Metatrader have been adapted to suit ECN brokers. Now more than ever the bridge between retail investors and investment banks is narrowing.

Of course using an ECN broker will not be of any advantage if you do not have a trading strategy or plan in place. Formulating a forex trading strategy that takes into consideration your risk profile, lifestyle and capital outlay is essential before you start trading. After formulating your trading strategy you should then try a few forex platform demos to determine which platform best suits your trading strategy. Of course it is important that you choose a forex platform offered by an ECN broker. It can often be difficult to determine and ECN broker, however as a rule of thumb ECN brokers will charge commission on your transaction rather quoting you a widened spread.

To learn more about forex trading using an ECN broker you can download our free FOREX Guide.

There are two main types of CFDs, these are:

1. Direct Markets Access and;
2. Market Made

Some CFD providers only offer one type of CFD others offer both. The most common type of CFD is the market made variety, typically this type of CFD is offered by CFD providers that also offer spread betting and originate in the United Kingdom where spread betting is popular.

All CFD traders or potential CFD traders should understand the differences between the mechanics of both types of CFDs and the fee structures associated with them.

Direct Market Access (DMA) CFDs
Direct Market Access (DMA) CFDs mirror the price and liquidity of the underlying instrument on which the CFD is based. DMA CFDs are the most fair and transparent type of CFD available. When trading DMA CFDs the trader is a "price maker". DMA CFD traders can enter and see an equal order flow onto the underlying exchange, this guarantees that at all times they receive true market prices on every trade. DMA CFDs offer traders real time execution, guaranteed market prices and participation in the order book and opening and closing phases of the market this provides a significant advantage for scalpers.

DMA CFD providers do not profit directly from performance of the CFD trader, as all CFD positions are 100% hedged. This means that if you buy the CFD, the provider will instantly buy the underlying equity as their hedge trade. 

Points to note
• The quoted price of DMA CFDs is the same as the price quoted on the underlying exchange;
• DMA CFD orders flow directly onto the underlying exchange;
• DMA CFD traders can be a price takers or makers and participate in the market depth on the  exchange, and;
• DMA CFD traders can participate in opening and closing market auctions.

Market Maker (MM) CFDs
A Market Made CFD does not mirror the price on the underlying market. Market Makers that offer Market Made CFDs derive their CFD prices from the underlying instrument on which the CFD is based rather than quoting the exact exchange price of the instrument like DMA CFD providers. Market Makers act as an intermediary to the CFD trade and have the ability to alter the price of the CFD, price alterations often occur in their favor, often resulting in stop orders being triggered and slippage which can add a significant cost to the trade.

Market Makers do not hedge 100% of their CFD positions, typically they hedge only the resulting amount after their clients long and short positions net each other off, however in many cases they do not hedge at all and often directly profit from their client’s losses. When trading Market Made CFDs trades do not flow directly onto the exchange, they are at the discretion of a dealer as a result orders are filled slower and at inferior prices.

Points to note
• MM CFD traders do not receive the same prices as those quoted on the exchange;
• MM CFD spreads are often widened and orders re-quoted;
• Market Makers are price takers not price makers, this means MM CFD traders cannot participate in the underlying order book;
• MM CFD traders cannot participate in the opening and closing market auctions and;
• Some Market Makers profit from the performance of their clients positions.

Market Made CFDs do have some benefits over DMA CFDs in that they are generally offered over a larger range of stocks and indices. Market Makers are also able to offer additionally liquidity in larger stocks, the reason for this is because they have positions on their internal order book which they would like to clear.  

Market Makers often re-quote clients when they attempt to buy or sell a CFDs, re-quotes occur as a result of the Market Marker adjusting their internal order book to compensate for a lack of liquidity at a particular price level on the underlying exchange.

So which type of CFD should you choose:
When comparing the two types of CFDs you should consider whether you’re trading style and the instruments that you trade suit either a Market Made or Direct Market Access model. Typically scalpers and active traders choose DMA CFDs over MM CFDs as there are no re-quotes and the trader can be a “price maker” through participating in the underlying order book of the stock which they are trading. Market Made CFDs are popular with longer term traders and those that prefer to trade indices and forex. The reason for this is than often Market Markers offer both indices and forex commission free. Often DMA CFD providers do not offer indices and forex on a DMA basis as by their very nature they are a market made product and cannot be traded on an exchange.

Before choosing a CFD provider you should analyse your trading strategy and choose the type of CFD that suits you best. If you are unsure of your trading strategy or would like save the hastle of having multiple CFDs account with multiple providers you should choose a CFD provider that is able to offer you both Market Made CFDs and DMA CFDs.

Other types of CFDs
It is also worth noting that there is a third type of CFD, these are exchange traded or ASX CFDs and are offered by the Australian Stock Exchange. ASX CFDs are not popular amongst traders or investors due to their lack of liquidity and wide spreads. ASX CFDs are only offered over a small range of securities, indices and foreign exchange pairs. ASX CFDs do have the benefit of being cleared and traded on an exchange however as there are no significant advantages of this type of CFD traders prefer either the Market Made or Direct Markets Access CFDs. 

With some CFD providers you can trade either Market Made CFDs or Direct Market Acess CFDs.

To find more helpful information on CFD trading you can download our free CFD Guide.